[64] The most recommended icon for him is that he be shown standing in tribhanga pose (thrice bent "S" shape). CHENNAI: Girija Vaidyanathan, a 1981 batch IAS officer, is the new Chief Secretary of Tamil Nadu government. Richard Gombrich suggests that the Jataka tales were composed by the 3rd century BCE. [37][39], Rama and Lakshmana discover the kidnapping, worry about Sita's safety, despair at the loss and their lack of resources to take on Ravana. [107][108], The day is marked by recital of Rama legends in temples, or reading of Rama stories at home. [citation needed], Rama's life is remembered and celebrated every year with dramatic plays and fireworks in autumn. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Sitemap | About Us | Advertise | Login | Contact Us [38] During the exile, Rama meets one of his devotee, Shabari who happened to love him so much that when Rama asked something to eat she offered her ber, a fruit. He also states that he brought back to China two replicas of the Buddha, one of the Kosala icon of Udayana and another the Prasenajit icon of Prasenajit. The Rama story in the Jainism tradition also show variation by author and region, in details, in implied ethical prescriptions and even in names – the older versions using the name Padma instead of Rama, while the later Jain texts just use Rama. Use at your own risk. In the Indian traditions, particularly Rama, the story is about a divine human, a mortal god, incorporating both into the exemplar who transcends both humans and gods.[65]. [139], Rama is mentioned as one of twenty four divine incarnations of Vishnu in the Chaubis Avtar, a composition in Dasam Granth traditionally and historically attributed to Guru Gobind Singh. Such was the reciprocation of love and compassion he had for his people. [37][42], The return of Rama to Ayodhya is celebrated with his coronation. Their struggles now reach new heights. Third, Rama's life combines the ethics with the aesthetics of living. [54] Rama is described to have lived long before the 22nd Jain Tirthankara called Neminatha. Rama heads outside the Kosala kingdom, crosses Yamuna river and initially stays at Chitrakuta, on the banks of river Mandakini, in the hermitage of sage Vasishtha. But everytime she gave it to him she first tasted it to ensure, it was sweet and tasty. [140][141], In Assam, Boro people call themselves Ramsa, which means Children of Ram. V. … [94] The text, states David Gordon White, served as a reference on Yoga for medieval era Advaita Vedanta scholars. The more one watched Rama Vaidyanathan dance, the more one was amazed..Her dancing is vibrant and deeply involved. Check out below for Girija Vaidyanathan Wiki, Biography, Age, Family, Husband, Images, and More. He is called Ramachandra (beautiful, lovely moon[19]), or Dasarathi (son of Dasaratha), or Raghava (descendant of Raghu, solar dynasty in Hindu cosmology). [37], The years when Rama grew up are described in much greater detail by later Hindu texts, such as the Ramavali by Tulsidas. [1] The extant manuscripts of the text describes their education and training as young princes, but this is brief. Lakshmana, the younger brother protective of his family, in turn retaliated by cutting off the nose and ears of Shurpanakha. He is shown black, blue or dark color, typically wearing reddish color clothes. It is observed as a national holiday in this part of the world and some ministers of the Government also take part in the celebrations publicly. [citation needed], Versions of the Ramayana exist in most major Indian languages; examples that elaborate on the life, deeds and divine philosophies of Rama include the epic poem Ramavataram, and the following vernacular versions of Rama's life story:[69], The epic is found across India, in different languages and cultural traditions. Shoorpanakha was devastated and ran away to the forests India from Lanka. The Jain texts are dated variously, but generally pre-500 CE, most likely sometime within the first five centuries of the common era. Rama or Ram (/ ˈ r ɑː m ə /; Sanskrit: राम, IAST: Rāma, ) also known as Ramachandra (रामचन्द्र, Rāmacandra), is a major deity of Hinduism.He is the seventh avatar of the god Vishnu, one of his most popular incarnations along with Krishna, Parshurama, and Gautama Buddha. [citation needed], Hindu temples dedicated to Rama were built by early 5th century, according to copper plate inscription evidence, but these have not survived. [9] His life stories, states Goldman, have inspired "painting, film, sculpture, puppet shows, shadow plays, novels, poems, TV serials and plays". [31] Rama and Sita legend is mentioned in the Jataka tales of Buddhism, as Dasaratha-Jataka (Tale no. [6], Rama was born to Kaushalya and Dasharatha in Ayodhya, the ruler of the Kingdom of Kosala. It is called Rama pattabhisheka, and his rule itself as Rama rajya described to be a just and fair rule. [7] Of all their travails, the most notable is the kidnapping of Sita by demon-king Ravana, followed by the determined and epic efforts of Rama and Lakshmana to gain her freedom and destroy the evil Ravana against great odds. In some instances, Hanuman is also included either near them or in the temple premises. They return to Ayodhya. [66], Rama's life and comments emphasise that one must pursue and live life fully, that all three life aims are equally important: virtue (dharma), desires (kama), and legitimate acquisition of wealth (artha). [55], In some Hindu texts, Rama is stated to have lived in the Treta Yuga[57] that their authors estimate existed before about 5,000 BCE. Human effort can be used for self-betterment and that there is no such thing as an external fate imposed by the gods. It was here that the annual Margazhi Kutcheri Season began in Chennai. [63], Rama iconography shares elements of Vishnu avatars, but has several distinctive elements. [39] However, in some revisions, the story is different and tragic, with Sita dying of sorrow for her husband not trusting her, making Sita a moral heroine and leaving the reader with moral questions about Rama. © 2009-2020 veethi.com. It inspires the audience to view their own lives from a spiritual plane, encouraging the virtuous to keep going, and comforting those oppressed with a healing balm. Distortions, Errors, Misrepresentations – Devdutt Pattanaik’s Mahabharata By Abhinav Agarwal Towards the end of his life, Rama becomes a Jaina monk then successfully attains siddha followed by moksha. [91] The first book presents Rama's frustration with the nature of life, human suffering and disdain for the world. Dasharatha remembers and agrees to do so. [18] The word Rama appears in ancient literature in reverential terms for three individuals:[18], The name Rama appears repeatedly in Hindu texts, for many different scholars and kings in mythical stories. The latest Tamil anthology that was released on OTT platform Netflix was Paava Kadhaigal. In addition to his guru, some of the renowned instructors Arun studies with include: Smt. [117] It is observed through thousands[13] of Rama-related performance arts and dance events, that are staged during the festival of Navratri in India. [110][112][113], The important celebrations on this day take place at Ayodhya, Sitamarhi,[114] Janakpurdham (Nepal), Bhadrachalam, Kodandarama Temple, Vontimitta and Rameswaram. [18][21] He is also known as Ram Lalla ( Infant form of Rama). Lord Rama also understood her devotion and ate all the half-eated ber's given by her. [149][150] The temple remains important to Rama devotees in the contemporary times, with devotees and monks gathering there on dates such as Rama Navami. Rama Vaidyanathan performs during her Bharathanatyam performance as part of the Soorya Festival held at Co-bank tower in Thiruvananthapuram. [105][106] Their influence has ranged from being a framework for personal introspection to cultural festivals and community entertainment. In the Indian tradition, states Richman, the social value is that "a warrior must never harm a woman". One day, a demoness called Shurpanakha saw Rama, became enamored of him, and tried to seduce him. [29][30] The Jain versions of the Ramayana, such as the Paumacariya (literally deeds of Padma) by Vimalasuri, also mention the details of the early life of Rama. [54] Padmapurana mentions Rama as a contemporary of Munisuvrata, 20th tirthankara of Jainism. [68] The story of Rama and people in his life raises questions such as "is it appropriate to use evil to respond to evil? Sahitya Kala Parishad Samman of the Government of Delhi, 'Bharata Kalai Sudar' in 2006, the Kalaimamani title by the Tamil Nadu Eyal Isai Nataka Manram and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award are the other major honours received by her. A third individual named Rama Jamadagnya is the purported author of hymn 10.110 of the Rigveda in the Hindu tradition. The festival is a part of the spring Navratri, and falls on the ninth day of the bright half of Chaitra month in the traditional Hindu calendar. Dec 26, 2019 - Explore Kao Lee Yang's board "Dancespirations" on Pinterest. [51] The details of the response by Rama and Lakshmana, and justifications for it, has numerous versions. She demands that Rama be exiled for fourteen years to Dandaka forest. Neelam Upadhyaya is the talented film actress who appears mainly in Tamil and Telugu film industry, she has started her acting career with the Telugu film called Mr.7 and later on acted in many films in the industry. Rama also adds, such as in section 4.38 of the Ramayana, that one must also introspect and never neglect what one's proper duties, appropriate responsibilities, true interests, and legitimate pleasures are.[36]. In some parts of India, Rama's return to Ayodhya and his coronation is the main reason for celebrating Diwali, also known as the Festival of Lights. Viji Prakash. [72][74][84] According to Kapoor, Rama's life story in the Ramacharitamanasa combines mythology, philosophy, and religious beliefs into a story of life, a code of ethics, a treatise on universal human values. These were Lakshmana, Bharata and Shatrughna. Saroja was conferred the Padma Shri in 2002 and the Padma Bhushan in 2013 by the Government of India. Like major epics and religious stories around the world, it has been of vital relevance because it "tells the culture what it is". Later she studied Bharatnatyam under Kattumannar Muthukumaran Pillai of Thanjavur. Shurpanakha retaliated by threatening Sita. 1. [98] Its story confirms many details of the Ramayana, but has novel and different elements. His mother's name Kaushalya literally implies that she was from Kosala. Ramlila is particularly notable in historically important Hindu cities of Ayodhya, Varanasi, Vrindavan, Almora, Satna and Madhubani – cities in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh. [91] The third and fourth books assert that liberation comes through a spiritual life, one that requires self-effort, and present cosmology and metaphysical theories of existence embedded in stories. Through death, he joins her in afterlife. They also reflect the life teachings that she imbibed from a tormenting Mother in law and an indifferent husband. This community has grown to become the largest Hindu monastic community in modern times. Rama is portrayed as a polite, self-controlled, virtuous youth always ready to help others. This coincides with one of the four Navratri on the Hindu calendar, in the spring season, namely the Vasantha Navratri. [23] In the Vishnu sahasranama, Rama is the 394th name of Vishnu. She is also known as a guru and wonderful choreographer. [citation needed] The oldest surviving Rama temple is near Raipur (Chhattisgarh), called the Rajiva-locana temple at Rajim near the Mahanadi river. [46] He had within him all the desirable virtues that any individual would seek to aspire, and he fulfils all his moral obligations. [77][78][79] Ramacharitamanasa was composed in the 16th century by Tulsidas. She gave up her career soon after marriage as she received bad response from public. This is called Ramlila, and the play follows Ramayana or more commonly the Ramcharitmanas. Abhinav Agarwal is a son, husband, father, technologist and an IIM-B Gold Medalist. She also holds a D. Litt in dance from the Indira Kala Sangeet Viswavidyalaya, Khairagarh. The couple has one son and their daughter in law Rama Vaidyanathan is a well-known Bharatanatyam artiste. Rama's life is more complex than the Western template for the battle between the good and the evil, where there is a clear distinction between immortal powerful gods or heroes and mortal struggling humans. The kingdom of Kosala is also mentioned in Buddhist and Jaina texts, as one of the sixteen Maha janapadas of ancient India, and as an important center of pilgrimage for Jains and Buddhists. Rama, as an artist, has lent her own thought process to the sphere of Bharat Natyam, without destroying the core principles of the traditional dance form. According to Sheldon Pollock, the figure of Rama incorporates more ancient "morphemes of Indian myths", such as the mythical legends of Bali and Namuci. She received her initial training in Bharatanatyam at the Saraswati Gana Nilayam in Chennai. Gerald James Larson (1995), India's Agony Over Religion, State University of New York Press, Last edited on 21 December 2020, at 16:35, Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, "Ayodhya Case Verdict: Who is Ram Lalla Virajman, the 'Divine Infant' Given the Possession of Disputed Ayodhya Land", "Rejecting Sita: Indian Responses to the Ideal Man's Cruel Treatment of His Ideal Wife", "The Oral Tradition and the many 'Ramayanas'", Ramlila, the traditional performance of the Ramayana, The nine-day festival of Navratri leading up to Sri Rama Navami has bhajans, kirtans and discourses in store for devotees, "President and PM greet people as India observes Ram Navami today", Hindus around the world celebrate Ram Navami today, On Ram Navami, we celebrate our love for the ideal, The Abduction of Sitā: Notes on a Stone Relief from Eastern Java, "Pilgrimage to Vishnu Sthalas - 8th February 2015", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rama&oldid=995541283, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Sri Yoga Ramar Temple Nedungunam, Tamil Nadu, This page was last edited on 21 December 2020, at 16:35. These features suggest that this text has ancient roots. Her mother, Kanakam Dharmarajan was a writer of detective fiction in Tamil. [22], Additional names of Rama include Ramavijaya (Javanese), Phreah Ream (Khmer), Phra Ram (Lao and Thai), Megat Seri Rama (Malay), Raja Bantugan (Maranao), Ramudu (Telugu), Ramar (Tamil). Jain Texts also mentioned Rama as the eighth balabhadra among the 63 salakapurusas. is full of glory, square-built and of well proportioned limbs, and is endowed with a dark-brown complexion. Tamil Nadu: Girija Vaidyanathan replaces Rama Mohana Rao as Chief Secretary 2. [110][115][116] In Ayodhya, many take a dip in the sacred river Sarayu and then visit the Rama temple. Rama and Sita live happily together in Ayodhya, have twin sons named Luv and Kush, in the Ramayana and other major texts. Sita moves with Rama to his father Dashratha's capital. "When there is so much literature both online and offline, I want to create layered characters that cannot be found with a simple Google search." According to Hasmukh Dhirajlal Sankalia, an Indian archaeologist, who specialised in Proto- and Ancient Indian history, this is all "pure speculation". [95], Other important historic Hindu texts on Rama include Bhusundi Ramanaya, Prasanna raghava, and Ramavali by Tulsidas. Rama performs @ Soorya Festival Photogallery. [135][136] The Jataka literature of Buddhism is generally dated to be from the second half of the 1st millennium BCE, based on the carvings in caves and Buddhist monuments such as the Bharhut stupa. ", and then provides a spectrum of views within the framework of Indian beliefs such as on karma and dharma. [1][96] The Sanskrit poem Bhaá¹­á¹­ikāvya of Bhatti, who lived in Gujarat in the seventh century CE, is a retelling of the epic that simultaneously illustrates the grammatical examples for Pāṇini's AṣṭādhyāyÄ« as well as the major figures of speech and the Prakrit language. [98], The Mahabharata has a summary of the Ramayana. It mentions that Ayodhya was not the capital in the time of Rama's son named Kusha, but that he later returned to it and made it the capital again. Rama states that his father should keep his word, adds that he does not crave for earthly or heavenly material pleasures, neither seeks power nor anything else. Second, he emphasises through what he says and what he does a union of "self-consciousness and action" to create an "ethics of character". Saroja was married to an IAS officer, Vaidyanathan. Ravana's sister Suparnakha attempts to seduce Rama and cheat on Sita. [74] The text is notable because it influenced the popular Ramcharitmanas by Tulsidas,[72][74] and inspired the most popular version of Nepali Ramayana by Bhanubhakta Acharya. [18] The word also appears in ancient Upanishads and Aranyakas layer of Vedic literature, as well as music and other post-Vedic literature, but in qualifying context of something or someone who is "charming, beautiful, lovely" or "darkness, night". The couple have a son, Kamesh and their daughter in law Rama Vaidyanathan is a well known Bharatanatyam artiste of international fame. (Photo: T Mallikarjun) A magical night of … At the end of this Dasaratha-Jataka discourse, the Buddhist text declares that the Buddha in his prior rebirth was Rama: The Master having ended this discourse, declared the Truths, and identified the Birth (...): 'At that time, the king Suddhodana was king Dasaratha, Mahamaya was the mother, Rahula's mother was Sita, Ananda was Bharata, and I myself was Rama-Pandita. 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